This is the area of a core available for winding wires into. Current moving through copper causes the copper to heat up as it moves through the resistance of the wire. The inside of a conductor looks like a shorted transformer turn to the magnetic field, so the currents can be large, and can cause substantial heating, as in the core losses.Ĭopper is not a perfect conductor. Core loss is strongly related to frequency, increasing linearly as the frequency goes up.Įddy currents are the currents induced in conductors in a magnetic field - such as the iron core. The core loss represents a price you have to pay to use a transformer. These currents cause the loss of energy, and this comes out as heat. The iron in the core is itself conductive, and the magnetic field in it induces currents.
#Output transformer calculator program series
If you short the secondary winding and then measure the "primary" inductance, you will measure the leakage inductance, which appears to be in series with the primary winding. This is an inductance from which the secondary can never draw energy, and represents a loss of effectiveness in the transformer. Leakage inductance is inductance that results from the parts of the primary's magnetic field that does not link the secondary.
Likewise, what you measure if you connect a measurement instrument only to the secondaries. The primary inductance is a consequence of the iron and air in the magnetic field path, and is non-linear - you would measure somewhat different values under different conditions. The amount of inductance you measure is the primary inductance. If you connect only the primary wires of a transformer, and measure the inductance, no energy leaves through any secondary windings, so the thing looks like (and is!) just an inductor. E-I laminations are usually named by the tongue width: EI100 has a tongue that is 1.00 inches wide. As you can see, since the proportions are pre-determined, you can specify any one dimension and all the rest are determined. The middle part, or tongue, of each E is twice as wide as the two outer legs, and the empty area stamped out of the E (which forms the I) is half as long as the E is high from top to bottom. The I's are stamped from the open areas of two end-facing E's. This is the least expensive shape for transformer iron, and is the standard for the industry for non-special purpose transformers. The middle projection or tongue of the E is placed through the center of a coil of wire, and the I placed at the end like this" EI" so the iron forms a complete magnetic path through the center and around the outside of the coil.Īn E-I lamination with proportions such that two E's and two I's are stamped from a rectangle of iron with no waste left over. Otherwise, go back and select a new (probably bigger) core size and loop back through the process.Ī flat transformer steel lamination composed of pairs of E-shaped and I shaped pieces.Otherwise, select a new interleave and go back to fitting wire.
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